BackgroundA role of Chlamydia trachomatis in HPV-induced cervical carcinogenesis has been reported for cervical cancer but studies on cervical adenocarcinoma are limited.MethodsA total of 1,553 cervical smears taken up to 26 years before diagnosis in a large population-based nested case-control study of cervical adenocarcinoma (AC, 2" x 4" 132 cases with matched controls), and adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS, 159 cases with matched controls) were tested for C.trachomatis and HPV DNA by a type-specific PCR bead-based multiplex genotyping (TS-MPG) assay.ResultsOnly 1.
7% of samples were positive for C.trachomatis, with no significant differences between AC/AIS cases and controls.HPV-positivity was detected in 49.3% of C.
trachomatis-negative and 65.4% C.trachomatis-positive samples, respectively.ConclusionsA large prospective study did not find any risk for cervical adenocarcinoma and/or AIS conferred by C.
trachomatis infection.ImpactC.trachomatis appears not to be 4G involved in cervical adenocarcinomas.